Good evening, afternoon, or morning to you, people of r/conlangs. Today's Saturday, and that means it's time for another typological paper! Once again, there will be some prompts for you to discuss in the comments.

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Depictive secondary predicates in crosslinguistic perspective (Schultze-Berndt & Himmelmann)

This week's paper was submitted by my friend u/akamchinjir and talks about so-called depictive secondary predicates, like in George left the party angry. In this clause, left the party is referred to as the "main predicate", while angry is the depictive predicate. Semantically, the main verb is often a verb of motion (to cross), ingestion (to drink) or manipulation. The depictive (or secondary) predicate usually encodes a physical or psychological state or condition (barefoot, cold). There are some further syntactic considerations regarding the distinction between depictive predicates and e.g. resultatives or predicate complements. A definition of the term "depictive secondary predicate" is given in section 2.8, so if you're still not sure if you understand the concept or want a more precise explanation, you can check out that section on page 19 (77). Now onto the prompts:

• Does your language have secondary predicates at all? Does it feature depictive predicates?
  • What are the semantics of secondary predicates in your language?
  • How are they marked morphologically?
  • How do they contrast to other syntactic constructions like SVCs or adverbs, if they exist?
  • What word classes do depictives belong to in your language?

Remember to try to comment on other people's languages

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Submit your papers here!

So, that's about it for this week's edition. See you next Saturday, and happy conlanging!

Good evening, afternoon, or morning to you, people of r/conlangs. Today's Saturday, and that means it's time for another typological paper! Once again, there will be some prompts for you to discuss in the comments.

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Description of the linguistic expressions of fractions (Anicotte)

I found this paper as u/wmblathers posted it, and it seemed very fitting for one of my TyPoWs. We all know about the concept of fractions, but their linguistic expression is rarely talked about. The paper proposes a typology in which there's a distinction between suppletive, non-systematic and analytical, systematic fractional number forms. Now onto the prompts:

• How does your language express fractions?
  • Which categories (those proposed by the paper) does your language's system fall into?
• How does your language express other mathematical concepts such as addition or division?

Remember to try to comment on other people's languages

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Submit your papers here!

So, that's about it for this week's edition. See you next Saturday, and happy conlanging!

Good evening, afternoon, or morning to you, people of r/conlangs. Today's Saturday, and that means it's time for another typological paper! Once again, there will be some prompts for you to discuss in the comments.

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Converbs in an African perspective

This week's paper talks about converbs in Afroasiatic and Nilo-Saharan languages. Haspelmath & König's book "Converbs in Cross-Linguistic Perspective" defines a converb as "a nonfinite verb form whose main function is to mark adverbial subordination". A basic English example for this is "He's walking down the street singing songs", where the expressed sense of subordination is simultaneous ("while"). Now onto the prompts:

• Does your language feature converbs?
  • Which categories are expressed by converbs? (E.g. temporal sequence, conditional semantics etc.)
  • How does switch-reference interact with converbs in your language?
  • How can the syntax of converb constructions be described?
• If your language does not have converbs, how is adverbial subordination expressed? (E.g. by conjunctions)

Remember to try to comment on other people's languages

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Submit your papers here!

So, that's about it for this week's edition. See you next Saturday, and happy conlanging!

Good evening, afternoon, or morning to you, people of r/conlangs. Today's Saturday, and that means it's time for another typological paper! Once again, there will be some prompts for you to discuss in the comments.

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A typological perspective on nominal concord (Norris)

This week's paper was submitted by u/priscianic and presents a typology study of nominal concord. The paper defines the phenomenon as "[...] the process whereby modifiers
(loosely speaking) in a nominal phrase inflect for morphosyntactic features of that nominal
phrase." Nominal concord is quite well-known through its presence in many European languages, like French or German. Now onto the prompts:

• Does your language exhibit nominal concord?
  • If so, what concord categories are there? (E.g. gender, number, case)
  • Which words agree with the head noun? Is it restricted in any way, or do all modifiers exhibit nominal concord?
  • How does nominal concord interact with other morphosyntactic phenomena?
  • Is there anything that blocks agreement? Is antiagreement an observable process in your language?

Remember to try to comment on other people's languages

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Submit your papers here!

So, that's about it for this week's edition. See you next Saturday, and happy conlanging!

Good evening, afternoon, or morning to you, people of r/conlangs. Today's Saturday, and that means it's time for another typological paper! Once again, there will be some prompts for you to discuss in the comments.

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Verbal allocutivity in a crosslinguistic perspective (Antonov)

This week's paper was again brought to me by u/PyrolatrousCoagulate, thank you for that! Allocutivity is an often overlooked but nevertheless very interesting grammatical phenomenon in which in certain circumstances, an addressee who is not an argument of the verb is systematically encoded in all declarative main clause conjugated verb forms. It was first described for Basque, but similar phenomena have been observed in Pumé, Nambikwara, Mandan and Beja. The paper linked above aims to propose a typology of verbal allocutivity. A prototypical example featuring allocutivity from Basque would be Bilbora noa "I am going to Bilbao.", Bilbora noak "I am going to Bilbao." (male addressee) and Bilbora noan "I am going to Bilbao." (female addressee). Now, let's move onto the prompts:

• Does your language feature verbal allocutivity?
  • If so, how does it interact with other morphosyntactic categories such as person, TAM or evidentiality?
  • Are there any interesting lexicalization processes going on with respect to allocutivity?
  • Are there any restrictions regarding which predicates may be marked for allocutivity?
  • What are the loci of allocutivity in your language? Does it appear on a sentence- or a word-level?

Remember to try to comment on other people's languages

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Submit your papers here!

So, that's about it for this week's edition. See you next Saturday, and happy conlanging!

Good evening, afternoon, or morning to you, people of r/conlangs. Today's Saturday, and that means it's time for another typological paper! Once again, there will be some prompts for you to discuss in the comments.

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Towards a Semantic Typology of Adversative and Contrast Marking (Malchukov)

After a short holiday break, I am back with the weekly linguistic papers! This one, submitted by u/mareck_, presents a typology of adversative constructions, such as those introduced by English but and Russian но. Now onto the prompts:

• How are adversative clauses constructed in your language? Does it use conjunctions, affixes, or sth. else entirely?
• The paper describes some semantic connections adversative marking can exhibit. Are any of those present in your language? Are there any connections that aren't described in the paper, but are still used in your language?
• If you considered diachrony while creating your language, how did adversative constructions arise? Any fun historical processes going on there?

Remember to try to comment on other people's languages

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Submit your papers here!

So, that's about it for this week's edition. See you next Saturday, and happy conlanging!

Good evening, afternoon, or morning to you, people of r/conlangs. Today's Saturday, and that means it's time for another typological paper! Once again, there will be some prompts for you to discuss in the comments.

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Merry Christmas, Happy Holidays! Since Christmas has been keeping me busy lately, I didn't really have the time or energy to choose a paper, so today we'll be doing the whole TyPoW thingy without the P. In this week's edition you'll be able to talk about the way your conspeakers deal with festivities! Now onto the propmts:

• Do your conspeakers celebrate Christmas, Hanukkah or any other important cultural event?
  • What are some important words that are contained within that semantic field?
  • Are there any prominent morphosyntactic constructions that are commonly used while celebrating? (E.g. Optatives for wishes etc.)
  • Are there any interesting pragmatic/discourse-level phenomena relating to festivities (E.g. a special ritual register etc.)

Remember to try to comment on other people's languages

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Submit your papers here!

So, that's about it for this week's edition. See you next Saturday, and happy conlanging!

Good evening, afternoon, or morning to you, people of r/conlangs. Today's Saturday, and that means it's time for another typological paper! Once again, there will be some prompts for you to discuss in the comments.

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Morphology in the wrong place: A survey of preposed enclitics (Cysouw)

This week's paper is another one submitted by u/PyrolatrousCoagulate! It talks about a certain phenomenon related to morphology, viz. preposed enclitics. In this week's edition you can talk about how your language handles clitics, and since every language handles them differently, you're free to use your own (convincing) definitions. If you really have no clue what a clitic is, you can check out this short paper to get a rough overview. Now onto the prompts:

• Does your language distinguish between clitics and affixes?
  • Are there ditropic clitics in your language?
• Are there any other types of morphemes besides those two?
• How does the distinction between clitics and affixes manifest phonologically and/or syntactically?
• Which grammatical categories are encoded by clitics, and which by affixes?

Remember to try to comment on other people's languages

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Submit your papers here!

So, that's about it for this week's edition. See you next Saturday, and happy conlanging!